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Plasma Adenosine Deaminase (ADA)-1 and -2 Demonstrate Robust Ontogeny Across the First Four Months of Human Life

Human adenosine deaminases (ADAs) modulate the immune response: ADA1 via metabolizing adenosine, a purine metabolite that inhibits pro-inflammatory and Th1 cytokine production, and the multi-functional ADA2, by enhancing T-cell proliferation and monocyte differentiation. Newborns are relatively deficient in ADA1 resulting in elevated plasma adenosine concentrations and a Th2/anti-inflammatory bias compared to adults.

Screening for rheumatic heart disease: Quality and agreement of focused cardiac ultrasound by briefly trained health workers

After brief training, health workers with no prior experience in echocardiography can obtain adequate quality images and make a reliable assessment

Comparison of approaches to rheumatic fever surveillance across Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries.

Rheumatic fever (RF) prevention, control and surveillance are increasingly important priorities in New Zealand (NZ) and Australia.

The 2015 revision of the Jones criteria for the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever: Implications for practice in low-income and middle-income countries

This article discusses the 2015 revision of the Jones criteria by the American Heart Association for the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever.

Rheumatic Fever: What is New?

Vaccines offer the ultimate solution to prevention and reduction of ARF rates; however, research is still at early stages.

Rheumatic heart disease in Timor-Leste school students: an echocardiography-based prevalence study

The rates of RHD in Timor-Leste are among the highest in the world, and prevalence is higher among girls than boys. Community engagement is essential for ensuring follow-up and the effective delivery of secondary prophylaxis.

Illuminating mitochondrial translation through mouse models

Mitochondria are hubs of metabolic activity with a major role in ATP conversion by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The mammalian mitochondrial genome encodes 11 mRNAs encoding 13 OXPHOS proteins along with 2 rRNAs and 22 tRNAs, that facilitate their translation on mitoribosomes.

Maria Emilia Dueñas

Postdoctoral Researcher in Mucosal Immunology

Aimee Balaam

Research Support Officer

Prevention of rheumatic fever and heart disease: Nepalese experience

Historically, many young people suffered severe valvular disease and died awaiting heart valve replacement.