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Early surveillance of infants and preschool children with cystic fibrosisSensitive and non-invasive surveillance tools are needed for the clinical management of infants and preschool children with cystic fibrosis (CF). The lung clearance index from the multiple breath washout and functional and morphological outcomes from magnetic resonance imaging provide promising alternatives to current gold standard techniques. Early detection and treatment of lung disease during this important period offers the opportunity to improve the quality of life for individuals with CF.
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Ethics and equity in rare disease research and healthcareRapid advances in next-generation sequencing technology, particularly whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing, have greatly affected our understanding of genetic variation underlying rare genetic diseases. Herein, we describe ethical principles of guiding consent and sharing of genomics research data. We also discuss ethical dilemmas in rare diseases research and patient recruitment policies and address bioethical and societal aspects influencing the ethical framework for genetic testing.
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The longitudinal relationship between BOLD signal variability changes and white matter maturation during early childhoodIntra-individual transient temporal fluctuations in brain signal, as measured by fMRI blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) variability, is increasingly considered an important signal rather than measurement noise.
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Brief social attention bias modification for children with autism spectrum disorderSocial attention can be acutely modified in children with ASD, with an increased tendency to orient attention toward faces after brief social attention training
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Effect of Epicutaneous Immunotherapy vs Placebo on Reaction to Peanut Protein Ingestion Among Children With Peanut Allergy: The PEPITES Randomized Clinical TrialTo assess the efficacy and adverse events of epicutaneous immunotherapy with a peanut patch among peanut-allergic children
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Evaluation of a phased pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction in Mongolia using enhanced pneumonia surveillance and community carriage surveysStreptococcus pneumoniae causes substantial morbidity and mortality among children. The introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) has the potential to dramatically reduce disease burden. As with any vaccine, it is important to evaluate PCV impact, to help guide decision-making and resource-allocation.
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Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Trends to Facilitate Exercise in Children with Type 1 DiabetesThis study investigated the use of a carbohydrate intake algorithm based on continuous glucose monitoring trends during physical activity
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Explaining the evolution of ethnicity differentials in academic achievements: The role of time investmentsThis paper is the first to explore whether differences in time use by children of Asian-born parents may help to explain the observed differentials in school achievements
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Maternal body mass index, gestational weight gain, and the risk of overweight and obesity across childhood: An individual participant data meta-analysisHigher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain were associated with an increased risk of childhood overweight/obesity
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Wongi mi bardup (doing it our way): Methodologies promoting Aboriginal knowledges and cultural practices for Birthing on Noongar BoodjarThis paper sets out the methodological and theoretical considerations which framed how the Birthing on Noongar Boodjar project was conducted