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The study of temperament in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has the potential to provide insight regarding variability in the onset, nature, and course of both core and co-morbid symptoms. The aim of this systematic review was to integrate existing findings concerning temperament in the context of ASD. Searches of Medline, PsychInfo and Scopus databases identified 64 relevant studies. As a group, children and adolescents with ASD appear to be temperamentally different from both typically developing and other clinical non-ASD groups, characterized by higher negative affectivity, lower surgency, and lower effortful control at a higher-order level.

While early exposure to alcohol may influence the development of facial structures, it does not appear to be associated with ASD phenotypic variability

In this population-based cohort that included 2,084 children with autism aged ≤6 years, over one-third met the criteria for motor difficulties

Mothers of children with autism without ID had increased risk of cancer, which may relate to common genetic pathways

Reported practice of some professionals in Australia may not be consistent with international best practice guidelines for ASD diagnosis

Strictly defined cases of social (pragmatic) communication disorder and specific language impairment can be distinguished from autism spectrum disorder

Increases in ASD was not only limited to advancing paternal or maternal age alone but also to differences parental age including younger or older similarly age

The prevalence of intellectual disability has risen in WA over the last 10 years with most of this increase due to mild or moderate intellectual disability

Identified no significant differences between the high- and low-risk fetuses in the rate of prenatal head and body growth throughout the 2nd and 3rd-trimester

The deficits associated with intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD)place a burden on their co-residing families which may impact...